常用英语单词分类速记（204）——金融与投资（2）

IPO (Initial Public Offering) 首次公开募股

The biotech startup's IPO raised 100 million, valuing the company at 1 billion.

这家生物科技初创公司的首次公开募股筹集了1亿美元，公司估值达10亿美元。

Stock exchange 股票交易所

Traders on the New York Stock Exchange were busy during the morning session.

纽约证券交易所的交易员在早盘交易中十分忙碌。

Stock market 股票市场

The stock market has been volatile due to concerns about inflation.

受通胀担忧影响，股市近期波动较大。

Bull Market 牛市

Analysts predict a bull market in technology stocks as innovation continues to accelerate.

分析师预测，随着创新持续加速，科技股将迎来牛市。

Bear Market 熊市

During the bear market, many investors shifted their focus to defensive sectors like utilities.

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熊市期间，许多投资者将目光转向公用事业等防御性板块。

Foreign exchange market 外汇市场

Traders in the foreign exchange market closely monitor central bank interest rate announcements.

外汇市场的交易员密切关注央行的利率声明。

Futures期货

Farmers often use futures contracts to hedge against fluctuations in crop prices.

农民常通过期货合约对冲作物价格波动风险。

Option 期权（买卖选择权）

The investor purchased a call option, hoping the stock price would rise above the strike price.

这位投资者买入了看涨期权，希望股价能涨破行权价。

Hedge 对冲

To hedge against currency risk, the company entered into a forward contract with a bank.

为对冲汇率风险，该公司与一家银行签订了远期合约。

Margin Trading 保证金交易

Retail investors should be cautious when engaging in margin trading due to the high risk involved.

由于风险较高，散户投资者参与保证金交易时应保持谨慎。

Black Swan Event（黑天鹅事件，指罕见重大风险）

The COVID-19 pandemic is often cited as a black swan event that disrupted global economies.

新冠疫情常被视为扰乱全球经济的黑天鹅事件。

Risk Management 风险管理

Effective risk management is crucial for financial institutions to maintain stability.

有效的风险管理对金融机构维持稳定至关重要。